Machine for reducing ores



.(No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 1.

G.. 85 A. RAYMOND. MACHINE FOR REDUCING ORBS, 850. I No. 293,786. Patented Feb. 19,1884,

(No Model.) 3 Sheeti-She'fifi.

G. & A. RAYMOND.

MACHINE FOR REDUCING-GEES, &e.- I N0-.29 3.786. v Paten tg ad'Feb.19,1884.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheeflb.

& A. RAYMOND. v MACHINE FOR REDUCING GEES,- 6w v No. 293,786 Patented Feb. 19, 1884.

Ira/awn;

' discharging the fine material.

UNIT-E1) STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE RAYMOND AND ALBERT RAYMO ND,'OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MACHINE, FOR REDUCING ORES, 84C.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of IiettersPatent No. 293,786, dated February 19, 1884.

Application filed July f2, 1883. (No model.)

T0 to whom it may concern Be it known that we, GEORGE RAYMOND and ALBERT RAYMOND, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Reducing Ores, &c. of which the following is a specification Our invention relates to a machine of novel construction for effecting the reduction of ores and other refractory material by causing the fragments or pieces to be thrown from opposite directions and in a loose condition against each other with great violence, a reduction being effected'by the impact and attrition between the fragments. I

Our machine consists, essentially, of an external body or casing, through the ends of which the material is admitted, containing two oppositely-revolving heads, each head being formed with. a series of smooth overhanging arms or blades curved in a spiral form laterally and radially from a hub at the outer side, as hereinafter more fully described, whereby said blades are adapted to serve the double purpose of projecting the material with great velocity toward the middle of the machine, and of producing a strong blast or current of air through and from thebody for the purpose of The shape of the arms and theirarrangement'with respect to each other are such that the material slides lengthwise over the surfaces of the arms, at the same time receding from the center until it finally escapes over their ends.

1 We are aware that disks revolving in opposite directions and in close proximity have been provided with openings extending from the center through the proximate faces near the periphery, to effect a reduction of ores by the opposing disks, and to such constructions we lay no claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of our improved machine; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section through the center of the same; Fig. 3, a vertical cross-section of the same on the line 3 3 Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a side elevation of one of the revolving heads or beaters; Fig. 5, an elevation of the reducing-machine, combined with a series of settling and grading chambers, the machine being shown in side elevation and the chambers in vertical section; Fig. 6, a view illustrating one of the methods which may be pursued for-the manufacture of the rotary heads.

In proceeding 'to construct our machine we provide a rigid frame-work, A, of any suitable form, and secure firmly in position thereon a body or casing, B, made preferably in the form of two truncated cones joined at their bases and arranged with their axes in a horizontal position. This casing may be made of wrought or cast metal or other suitable material,as found most convenient, and may be lined on the illterior with plates a, of chilled iron or other refractory'material, having either smooth or roughened surfaces. At the two ends the body is provided with feed-openings b at the top, through which to introduce the material to be pulverized. It is also provided at the center, preferably on the upper side, with a discharge pipe, 0, throughwhich the pulverized or powdered material will be delivered. It is further provided in each end, preferably near the lower side, with an air-inlet, e.

In the event of the machine being used to reduce the material to a coarse condition, unsuitable for delivery by a blast of air, the out let-opening may be located at the lower side.

In the respective ends of the body we mount two revolving heads, 0 G, which are ordinarily duplicates, the heads being mounted on independent shafts, which are extended outward through the respective ends of the bodythe belts being crossed, as shown, so that the two heads are rotated positively in opposite dithe overhanging arms is a great improvement,

rections. Each of the rotary heads consists, as plainly represented in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, of a hub of comparatively small size, provided on one side with a series of thin spiral curved arms or blades, (2. It will be observed that these arms, which are made with smooth surfaces, are extended laterally from the hub, and also outward from the center. It will also be observed that the arms diverge from each other, that a large open space exists in the center between them, and that their overhanging ends are entirely free and disconnected from each other. The heads are arranged with their hubs at the outer sides or ends of the incl osing'body, the arms of one extending inward toward those of the other, and are made of such size and form that the peripheral edges of their blades follow approximately the inner surface of the body. The heads are placed at such distance from each other that a wide central space is left bet-ween the ends of the arms of one head and the ends of the arms of the other, and also that a large central space exists between the heads within the arms, to permit the ore to circulate freely within the body, except when sub.- jected to the action of the arms at or near the the periphery.

The apparatus operates as follows: The two heads being revolved at a high rate of speed and in opposite directions, the ore or other material is introduced through the feed-openings b. The material, passing inward to the respective hubs, is encountered by the faces of the arms or blades (1 and immediately caused to revolve therewith. The centrifugal force developed causes the material to pass immediately outward toward the inner surface of the body, and at the same time the obliquity or spiral inclination of the blades causes them to force the material at a rapidly-increasing speed in alateral direction, or, in other words, horizontally toward the middle of the body, the material sliding over the smooth surfaces of the blades and escaping past their inner edges at ahigh velocity. The two streams or masses of material projected from opposite sides by the respective heads encounter each other at the middle of the body, the fragments striking one another with great violence, so that the impact and attrition between them effects their speedy reduction. Those fragments which are not sufliciently reduced to be discharged by the air-blast, hereinafter mentioned, are kept constantly in motion until their reduction is finally completed. Owing to the spiral form of the blades, their extended surfaces, and the rapidity with which they revolve, a strong blast of air is induced inward through the end openings, 0, and thence upward through the central part of the body, and finally outward through the dischargeopening a. This blast of air serves to carry with it all the finely reduced or pulverized material, leaving behind only those portions which require further reduction. It is in this connection that the open central space within in that it leaves the material in a free and unconfined condition, subject to the action of the air-blast, which is thus permitted to act upon and remove the fine material very eil'ectively.

\Vhilc it is preferred to construct theblades in the particular form represented in the drawings, they maybe modified to a limited extent, provided they are arranged to overhang the open central space, as described, and to propel the material in a horizontal direction toward the center of the machine in the manner above described. The heads may be each cast complete in one piece, of chilled iron or other suitable material; or they may consist of a hub or head having arms keyed, bolted, or otherwise detachably secured thereto. A simple and con venient mode of construction is that represented in Fig. (i, the arms being formed upon or attached to the hub and finished in a lathe or a 1 equivalent machine in the form of a section of a hollow cone. After the completion of the turning operation, by which the arms are reduced to a proper thickness and shape, they are bent or twisted to the required curvature, and, if need be, tempered to give them the required hardness and stiffness. It is preferred to have the arms of the two heads curved in opposite directions, in which case the two heads rotating in opposite directions will act the more efiiciently upon the material. The heads may, however, have their arms curved in the same direction, provided each head is in substantially the form described, and adapted to proj ect material toward the other.

I11 the operation of the machine the reduction of the material is assisted to a limited extent by the direct action of the arms against the same, and also by the impact of the material against the inside of the inclosing case or body; but as these results are incidental and accidental, no special reliance is to be placed thereon.

For the purpose of collecting and grading the material which is delivered from the machine, we propose to employ a receiving-- chamber such as shown in Fig. 5, the lower part being divided by partitions into a series of vertical compartments. The delivery-pipe from the machine discharges into one end of this chamber, which is provided at the opposite end with an opening, 1, to permit the escape of the air after the precipitation of the solid matters therefrom. During the passage of the air from the chambers the material is deposited in the successive compartments, according to its varying degrees of fineness, the coarsest material being deposited, of course, in the first chamber.

Vertical pa-rtitionsz' are extended downward from the top of the chamber between the walls of the various compartments and slightly below their upper ends, to assist in effecting the deposition of the material at the proper points.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is 1. In a machine for reducing refractory matcrials by impact and attrition between the fragments, the combination of a horizontal body or casing enlarged from its two ends toward the middle, and two oppositely-revolving heads located in the respective ends of the body, each head provided with aseries of spiral curved arms following the inner conical surface of the body and overhanging the central space therein, substantially as described.

2. In combination with an inclosing case or body, two oppositely-revolving heads, each head having a series of overhanging spiral arms projected toward but terminating at a considerable distance from the arms of the other, substantially as described.

3. The head for an ore-reducing machine, consisting of a hub provided with the series of thin overhanging arms or blades extending both laterally and outwardly therefrom in curved lines, whereby. an open central space is left between the arms, as and for the purpose described.

4. In an ore-reducing machine, the'combh nation, with an external case or body, substantially as described, of two oppositely-rotating heads located in its respective ends, each head having on its inner side a series of spiral arms or blades with smooth surfaces and overhanging disconnected ends, substantially as described, whereby the ore is permitted to .pelling the ore fragments violently against each other, and of producing a strong blast of air through the machine for the delivery of the pulverized material.

6. I11. an ore-reducingmachine, a circular body or casing enlarged from its two ends toward the middle, combined with oppositelyrevolving heads mounted in the respective ends of said body, each head consisting of a central hub at the outer end of the body, provided with peripheral disconnected arms following the inner surface of the body and extending toward the middle of the same, substantially as described. A

GEORGE RAYMOND. ALBERT RAYMOND.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK G. GooDwIN, HENRY S. TOWLE. 

